He was the person who brought France into the 19th century with huge reforms of administration and finance. He got rid of the worst bits, like the mass guillotining, the Reign of Terror, the various mad ideas they had like the ten-day week, abolishing Christianity, and so on. The Code Napoleon was still in effect in the Rhineland until 1900, for example, and it underlies modern European legal systems to this day.
I argue that although he didn’t have much to do with the French Revolution itself, as he was too young, he nonetheless kept the best bits of the Revolution-equality before the law, religious tolerance, meritocracy-for France and the countries that France conquered. Instead, I’d concentrate on those aspects of his rule that can still be seen in France and in much of Western Europe today. I’d set aside his military achievements-conquering half of Europe in the 16 years of his rule between 17-as all of those had completely disappeared by the time of the Congress of Vienna in 1815. If you were to explain the significance of Napoleon Bonaparte (1769–1821) to someone who knew nothing about him, what would you say? Foreign Policy & International Relations.
